Standard Setting in Education

1. Introduction
Sigrid Blömeke, Jan-Eric Gustafsson

Part I. Fundamental Questions in Standard Setting

2. Using Empirical Results to Validate Performance Standards
Michael T. Kane

3. Weaknesses of the Traditional View of Standard Setting and a Suggested Alternative
Mark Wilson, Maria Veronica Santelices

4. Standard Setting: Bridging the Worlds of Policy Making and Research
Hans Anand Pant, Simon P. Tiffin-Richards, Petra Stanat

5. Standard Setting in PISA and TIMSS and How These Procedures Can Be Used Nationally
Rolf Vegar Olsen, Trude Nilsen

6. In the Science and Practice of Standard Setting: Where Is the Science??
Barbara Sterrett Plake

Part II. Standard-Setting in the Nordic Countries

7. Standard Setting in Denmark: Challenges Through Computer-Based Adaptive Testing
Peter Allerup, Christian Christrup Kjeldsen

8. Experiences with Standards and Criteria in Sweden
Gudrun Erickson

9. Validating Standard Setting: Comparing Judgmental and Statistical Linking
Anna Lind Pantzare

10. National Tests in Norway: An Undeclared Standard in Education? Practical and Political Implications of Norm-Referenced Standards
Idunn Seland, Elisabeth Hovdhaugen

11. Setting Standards for Multistage Tests of Norwegian for Adult Immigrants
Eli Moe, Norman Verhelst

12. Standard Setting in a Formative Assessment of Digital Responsibility Among Norwegian Eighth Graders
Ove Edvard Hatlevik, Ingrid Radtke

13. Assessment for Learning and Standards: A Norwegian Strategy and Its Challenges
Gustaf B. Skar, Ragnar Thygesen, Lars Sigfred Evensen

14. How Do Finns Know? Educational Monitoring without Inspection and Standard Setting
Mari-Pauliina Vainikainen, Helena Thuneberg, Jukka Marjanen, Jarkko Hautamäki, Sirkku Kupiainen, Risto Hotulainen

Part III. New Methodological Approaches to Standard-Setting

15. The Data-Driven Direct Consensus (3DC) Procedure: A New Approach to Standard Setting
Jos Keuning, J. Hendrik Straat, Remco C. W. Feskens

16. Using Professional Judgement To Equate Exam Standards
Alastair Pollitt

17. Closing the Loop: Providing Test Developers with Performance Level Descriptors So Standard Setters Can Do Their Job
Amanda A. Wolkowitz, James C. Impara, Chad W. Buckendahl

18. Setting Standards to a Scientific Literacy Test for Adults Using the Item-Descriptor (ID) Matching Method
Linda I. Haschke, Nele Kampa, Inga Hahn, Olaf Köller

Nyckelord: Education, Assessment, Testing and Evaluation, Educational Policy and Politics, Statistics for Social Science, Behavorial Science, Education, Public Policy, and Law