The Notion of Activity in Chemistry

Part I. The Activity in Classical Thermodynamics

1. Thermodynamic Systems
Jean-Louis Burgot

2. Gibbs and Helmholtz Energies
Jean-Louis Burgot

3. Escaping Tendency
Jean-Louis Burgot

4. Partial Molar Quantities
Jean-Louis Burgot

5. Chemical Potential or Partial Molal Gibbs Energy
Jean-Louis Burgot

6. The Notion of Activity: An Overview
Jean-Louis Burgot

7. The Fugacity Quantity
Jean-Louis Burgot

8. Ideal Solutions
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9. Definitions of an Activity
Jean-Louis Burgot

10. Activities of Gases
Jean-Louis Burgot

11. Activities of Nonelectrolytes in Liquid Solutions
Jean-Louis Burgot

12. Activities of Electrolytes
Jean-Louis Burgot

13. Determination of the Activity of the Nonelectrolytes
Jean-Louis Burgot

14. Determination of the Activities of the Electrolytes
Jean-Louis Burgot

15. Debye–Hückel Relations and Neighboring Relations: Calculation of the Activity Coefficient of an Ion
Jean-Louis Burgot

16. Excess Gibbs Energy and Activities
Jean-Louis Burgot

17. Equilibrium Constant, Activities, and Reaction Gibbs Energy
Jean-Louis Burgot

18. Obtention of Equilibrium Thermodynamic Constant pH: Definitions and Measurement
Jean-Louis Burgot

19. General Principles of Calculations Involving the Activities of Ionic Species in Solution
Jean-Louis Burgot

Part II. The Activity in Statistical Thermodynamics

20. Statistical Thermodynamics in Brief
Jean-Louis Burgot

21. Concept of Ensembles and Postulates
Jean-Louis Burgot

22. The Canonical Ensemble: Notion of Distribution
Jean-Louis Burgot

23. Thermodynamic Quantities Within the Framework of the Canonical Ensemble
Jean-Louis Burgot

24. Other Ensembles
Jean-Louis Burgot

25. Systems of Molecules or Subsystems: Independent, Distinguishable, and “Indistinguishable”
Jean-Louis Burgot

26. Perfect Gases
Jean-Louis Burgot

27. Classical Statistical Mechanics, Configuration, and Classical Canonical Partition Function
Jean-Louis Burgot

28. The Configurational Partition Function: Molecular Distribution Functions
Jean-Louis Burgot

29. Radial Distribution Function
Jean-Louis Burgot

30. Radial Distribution Function and Thermodynamic Quantities: Calculation of the Internal Energy and of the Pressure of the System
Jean-Louis Burgot

31. The Radial Distribution Function and the Isothermal Compressibility Coefficient of a System
Jean-Louis Burgot

32. The Chemical Potential and the Radial Distribution Function: General Formal Introduction of the Activity and of the Activity Coefficient
Jean-Louis Burgot

33. Virial Coefficients in Terms of Interaction Potential Energies: Mayer’s Theory
Jean-Louis Burgot

34. A Statistical Expression of the Activity of a Species: A Relation Between It and the Corresponding Concentration in the Case of an Imperfect Gas
Jean-Louis Burgot

35. Activities of Gases in a Mixture of Imperfect Gases
Jean-Louis Burgot

36. Chemical Equilibrium Between Gases and Statistical Thermodynamics
Jean-Louis Burgot

37. Activity Coefficients of Gases
Jean-Louis Burgot

38. Activities and Concentrations of Nonelectrolytes in Dilute Liquid Solutions Study of the Osmotic Pressure
Jean-Louis Burgot

39. Relation(s) Activity: Concentration of Nonelectrolytes in Dilute Liquid Solutions at Constant Pressure and Temperature
Jean-Louis Burgot

40. Activity Coefficient of a Solute
Jean-Louis Burgot

41. Molecular Distribution Functions in Binary Mixtures
Jean-Louis Burgot

42. Kirkwood–Buff’s Theory: Changes of the Solutes Chemical Potentials with the Concentrations at Constant Pressure and Temperature
Jean-Louis Burgot

43. Chemical Potentials of the Components of Ideal Solutions of Nonelectrolytes
Jean-Louis Burgot

44. Chemical Potentials of Components of Binary Nonideal Solutions of Nonelectrolytes
Jean-Louis Burgot

45. Expressions of Activity Coefficients and Activities in Relation to Kirkwood–Buff’s Theory
Jean-Louis Burgot

46. Debye–Hückel Theory
Jean-Louis Burgot

47. Radial Distribution Functions and Electrolytes Solutions Theory
Jean-Louis Burgot

48. The Activity Concept in Retrospect
Jean-Louis Burgot

Nyckelord: Chemistry, Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Engineering Thermodynamics, Heat and Mass Transfer, Thermodynamics, Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering, Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry