Antimicrobial Drug Resistance

Part I. General Overview

1. History of Drug-Resistant Microbes
George A. Jacoby

2. Evolutionary Biology of Drug Resistance
Fernando Baquero, Rafael Cantón

3. Pharmacology of Drug Resistance
Elizabeth R. Andrews, Angela D. M. Kashuba

4. Drug Development for Drug-Resistant Pathogens
Jacques Dumas, Michael J. Pucci, Greg Moeck

Part II. General Mechanisms of Drug Resistance

5. Genetic Mechanisms of Transfer of Drug Resistance
Paul H. Roy, Sally R. Partridge

6. Mutations as a Basis of Antimicrobial Resistance
Robert A. Bonomo

7. Target-Mediated Antibacterial Resistance
Liza Valdivia, Louis B. Rice

8. Biochemical Logic of Antibiotic Inactivation and Modification
Vanessa M. D’Costa, Gerard D. Wright

9. Antibiotic Resistance due to Reduced Uptake
Lucía Fernández, Joseph B. McPhee, Sandeep Tamber, Michelle D. Brazas, Shawn Lewenza, Robert E. W. Hancock

10. Active Efflux as a Mechanism of Resistance to Antimicrobial Drugs
Xian-Zhi Li

11. The Functional Resistance of Biofilms
Elias K. Manavathu, Jose A. Vazquez

Part III. Bacterial Drug Resistance: Mechanisms

12. The Importance of β-Lactamases to the Development of New β-Lactams
Karen Bush

13. Penicillin-Binding Proteins and β-Lactam Resistance
André Zapun, Pauline Macheboeuf, Thierry Vernet

14. Aminoglycosides: Mechanisms of Action and Resistance
Alisa W. Serio, Maria L. Magalhães, John S. Blanchard, Lynn E. Connolly

15. Tetracycline and Chloramphenicol Resistance Mechanisms
Marilyn C. Roberts, Stefan Schwarz

16. Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Bacteria
Bryan D. Schindler, Joseph Adrian L. Buensalido, Glenn W. Kaatz

17. Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance
George A. Jacoby

18. Resistance to Macrolides, Lincosamides, and Streptogramins
Vincent Cattoir, Roland Leclercq

19. Mechanisms of Resistance in Metronidazole
Shira I. Doron, Kirthana R. Beaulac, Abhay Dhand, David R. Snydman

20. Glycopeptide-Resistance in Enterococci
Florence Depardieu, Patrice M. Courvalin

21. Daptomycin Resistance
Jordan R. Smith, Kimberly C. Claeys, Evan J. Zasowski, Juwon Yim, Michael J. Rybak

22. Resistance to Linezolid
Eleni Ntokou, Birte Vester

23. Mechanism of the Antibacterial Activity and Resistance of Polymyxins
Matthew D. Johnson, Roger L. Nation, Jian Li

24. Sulfonamides and Trimethoprim
Ola E. Sköld, Göte Swedberg

25. Mechanisms of Action and Resistance of the Antimycobacterial Agents
Noton K. Dutta, Petros C. Karakousis

Part IV. Fungal Drug Resistance: Mechanisms

26. Amphotericin B: Polyene Resistance Mechanisms
Matthew McCarthy, Elizabeth M. O’Shaughnessy, Thomas J. Walsh

27. Fungal Drug Resistance: Azoles
Jose L. Lopez-Ribot, Nathan P. Wiederhold, Thomas F. Patterson

28. Flucytosine Treatment and Resistance Mechanisms
Jyotsna Chandra, Mahmoud A. Ghannoum

29. Echinocandin Resistance
David S. Perlin

30. Antifungal Targets, Mechanisms of Action, and Resistance in Candida albicans

Robert A. Akins, Jack D. Sobel

Part V. Viral Drug Resistance: Mechanisms

31. Mechanisms of Resistance of Antiviral Drugs Active Against the Human Herpes Virus
Clyde S. Crumpacker

32. Resistance to Influenza Neuraminidase Inhibitors
Hui-Ling Yen

33. Resistance Mechanisms to HIV-1 Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
Brian D. Herman, Robert A. Domaoal, Maryam Ehteshami, Raymond F. Schinazi

34. HIV-1 Resistance to the Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
Nicolas Sluis-Cremer

35. Drug Resistance to HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors: Molecular Mechanisms and Substrate Coevolution
Nese Kurt Yilmaz, Celia A. Schiffer

36. HIV-1 Entry and Fusion Inhibitors: Mechanisms and Resistance
Colin M. Venner, Annette N. Ratcliff, Mathieu Coutu, Andrés Finzi, Eric J. Arts

37. HIV-1 Resistance to Integrase Inhibitors
Ying-Shan Han, Thibault Mesplède, Mark A. Wainberg

38. The Hepatitis B Virus and Antiviral Drug Resistance: Causes, Patterns and Mechanisms
Stephen A. Locarnini

39. HCV Drug Resistance
Bianca Heinrich, John P. Bilello

Part VI. Parasitic Drug Resistance: Mechanisms

40. Drug Resistance Mechanisms in Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia, Trichomonas vaginalis, and Opportunistic Anaerobic Protozoa
Consuelo Gómez García, Laurence A. Marchat, Lilia López-Cánovas, D. Guillermo Pérez Ishiwara, Mario A. Rodríguez, Esther Orozco

41. Mechanisms of Antimalarial Drug Resistance
Giancarlo A. Biagini, Stephen A. Ward

42. Drug Resistance in Leishmania

Goutam Mandal, Vaidya Govindarajan, Mansi Sharma, Hiranmoy Bhattacharjee, Rita Mukhopadhyay

43. Drug Resistance in Trypanosoma brucei

Fabrice E. Graf, Pascal Mäser

44. Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Toxoplasma gondii

Alexandre Mzabi, Dominique Aubert, Isabelle Villena

45.
Eimeria and Cryptosporidium: Recent Advances in the Therapeutic Field
Dominique Aubert, Loïc Favennec

46. Drug Resistance in Nematodes
Roger K. Prichard

47. Chemotherapy and Drug Resistance in Schistosomiasis and Other Trematode and Cestode Infections
Robert M. Greenberg, Michael J. Doenhoff

48. Drug Resistance in Ectoparasites of Medical and Veterinary Importance
Kathryn A. Stafford, Gerald Christopher C. Coles

Keywords: Biomedicine, Drug Resistance, Infectious Diseases