Secularism and Its Opponents from Augustine to Solzhenitsyn

1. Introduction
Emmet Kennedy

Part I. Introduction: Augustine and Aquinas

2. Saint Augustine: Christianity and the Roman World
Emmet Kennedy

3. Thomas Aquinas’s Christian Secularism
Emmet Kennedy

Part II. Introduction: Renaissance and Reformation

4. Dante and Lay Secularism of the High Middle Ages
Emmet Kennedy

5. Machiavelli, Religion, and Politics
Emmet Kennedy

6. Luther’s Centrifugal Reformation
Emmet Kennedy

Part III. Introduction: Autonomy in the Enlightenment

7. Locke: Toleration, Infallibility, and the Secular State
Emmet Kennedy

8. Rousseau: The Secular Hermit
Emmet Kennedy

9. Immanuel Kant’s Ambiguous Secularism
Emmet Kennedy

Part IV. Introduction: The Dialectic Upward and Downward

10. G. W. F. Hegel: Secular Philosophy Comprehending Theology
Emmet Kennedy

11. Marx: “The Christian State,” “The Jewish Question,” and “Species-Being”
Emmet Kennedy

Part V. Introduction: Reaction Against Secularism

12. Dostoyevsky and European Secularism
Emmet Kennedy

13. Solzhenitsyn, Communism, and the West
Emmet Kennedy

14. Conclusion
Emmet Kennedy

Keywords: Philosophy, History of Philosophy, History of Science, European History, Modern History, History of Religion, Secularism