Citizens of Europe?

1. What is Identity?

1. What is Identity?
Michael Bruter

Part I. Theorising the Emergence of a European Identity

2. The Model and Research Design: Institutions? Media? And the Development of a Mass European Identity
Michael Bruter

3. Institutions and the Formation of Mass Identities in New Political Communities - Four ‘Lessons From The Past’ (United Kingdom, Austria, Israel, and the United States of America)
Michael Bruter

4. With Aforethought? Institutions, Symbols, and the Quest for a New Identity in Europe
Michael Bruter

Part II. Has a Mass European Identity Emerged?

5. Who Feels European? Measurement of European Identity and Differences Across Individuals
Michael Bruter

6. News, Symbols, and European Identity
Michael Bruter

7. 1970–2000 — The Emergence of a Mass European Identity
Michael Bruter

8. On What it Means to ‘Be European’: Making Citizens Talk About ‘Europe’ and ‘Europeanness’
Michael Bruter

9. Conclusions: Institutions and the Emergence of a Mass European Identity — Lessons for the Future
Michael Bruter

Keywords: Political Science and International Relations, European Politics, European Union Politics, Sociology, general, International Relations